
Solitaire, also known as Patience overseas, is a class of puzzle games played with a standard French 52 card deck. The most popular is Klondike Solitaire because it is bundled with every version of Windows since 3.0. Solitaire may be the most popular videogame ever because besides Windows it is preinstalled or freely available on UNIX and Linux flavors including MacOS and on mobile phones before smart phones existed. Solitaires are easy to implement because they are puzzles and do not require AI.
There are many variations of Solitaire, but all are similar in that you have a deck that has been shuffled put in random order on the tableau, some cards face-up and some face-down. There are rules on how to move cards around to sort them in numerical and suit order. Since you are organizing cards and matching them between numbers, it is akin to jigsaw puzzles in which you match a piece between other pieces to form a picture. Like jigsaw puzzles, most Solitaire games have binary scoring systems, solved (1) or unsolved (0). It is difficult to track your progress and it will take several games before you score.
The late Sid Sackson, a pioneer game designer, was making Eurogames before they were called Eurogames. He created Bowling Solitaire, a modern, intelligent Solitaire. Sackson did what Reiner Kniza does today, creating games with simple mechanics but with complex scoring. Setup requires only two suits, A-10; aces are ones and 10s are zeros. Shuffle the cards and setup the ten bowling pins, an inverted pyramid of face-up cards. The rest of the cards form three stacks of five, three, and two as face-down balls. Following bowling rules, you get ten rounds, starting by revealing the top three stacks of ball cards face-up. If a ball card is played, the next card is revealed face-up. You can knock up to three adjacent pins by adding up the total and if they equal the last digit of your ball card. If you cannot knock any pins, you can discard the top three ball cards and get three new ball cards twice, once per round.